en ویروس شناسی Virology گزارش کوتاه Brief Report <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> Severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children are frequently caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), with the degree of illness strongly associated with disproportionate inflammatory activity. The signaling protein A20 (TNFAIP3) functions to inhibit NF-&kappa;B pathway activation, suggesting a possible role in tempering RSV-triggered lung inflammation. In this study, we assessed how RSV infection alters A20 gene expression in the lungs using a mouse model system.<br> <b>Methods:</b> Of the twelve female BALB/c mice allocated for the study, half were administered RSV intranasally at a concentration of 3 &times; 106 plaque-forming units (PFU), while the remaining six served as uninfected controls. All animals were humanely euthanized five days post-infection. Upon collection, lung tissue samples were immediately processed. The relative expression levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) for the TNFAIP3 gene, which encodes the A20 protein, were subsequently quantified using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).<br> <b>Results:</b> Analysis by quantitative PCR revealed that A20 expression was significantly higher in the lungs of RSV-infected mice compared with uninfected controls at day 5 post-infection (P = 0.0048).<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: The upregulation of A20 in RSV-infected mice suggests its potential role in modulating post-viral pulmonary inflammation.</span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> Respiratory Syncytial Viruses, Humans, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Protein 3, Nuclear Factor kappa B, Gene Expression Regulation, Mice 22 24 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-167-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Bahman Aghcheli b.aghcheli2011@gmail.com 100319475328460032319 100319475328460032319 No Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Romina Yavarinamini rominayavarin@gmail.com 100319475328460032320 100319475328460032320 No Taleghani Children’s Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Alireza Tahamtan alireza.tmn@gmail.com 100319475328460032321 100319475328460032321 Yes Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran