en بیوشیمی Biochemistry مروري Review Article <div><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common types of cancer, especially in Asia. Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is the most important histological subtype of EC, which accounts for 90% of all EC cases worldwide. ESCC is highly prevalent in Turkey, Iran, Kazakhstan and northern and central parts of China. Selenium is an essential micronutrient that is required for cellular functioning and synthesis of several selenoproteins. It also modulates the antioxidant defense system, cell cycle and apoptosis. This article reviews the most important molecular mechanisms of EC and investigates the association between selenium level and incidence of EC in high-risk areas.<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Keywords: </strong>Esophageal cancer, selenium, selenoprotein.</div> Esophageal cancer, selenium, selenoprotein 1 9 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-855-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 ommolbanin younesian negaryounesian@gmail.com 100319475328460016932 100319475328460016932 No Metabolic disorders research center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran samareh younesian samareyounesian@gmail.com 100319475328460016933 100319475328460016933 No Department of hematology and blood banking Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran sara hosseinzadeh s.hosseinzadeh2000@yahoo.com 100319475328460016934 100319475328460016934 No Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran hamid reza joshaghani joshaghani@goums.ac.ir 100319475328460016935 100319475328460016935 Yes Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran